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' Sheet Metal Water Pipe.

No. 239,5r4. Patented-'Marh'29,l88a.

' y Y Lw/@za MJ@ W WTiiNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES E. LEADLEY, OF GAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

SHEET-METAL WATER-PIPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,514, dated March29, 1881. Application filed January 31, 718817. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMEs E. LEADLEY, of

the city and county of Camden, inthe State of New Jersey, have inventeda certain new and useful Im provementin Sheet-Metal Water- Pipes, 0fwhich improvement the following is a spe'cication.

rEhe object of my invention is to provide a sheet-metal water-pipe orconductor embodying the features of strength without undue weight,capacity to resist internal pressure,convenientadaptabilityforattachmenttobuildings or structures upon whichit is to be used, and propriety of form as an architectural element.

To this end my improvement consists of a pipe composed of a sheet ofmetal seamed and bent to aform in transverse section, hereinafter morefully set forth.

'In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure l is a view in perspective of awater-pipe embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 an end view of the same.

To carry out my invention I take a sheet of metal and bend the same, bythe use of rolls or other mechanism suitable for the purpose and knownin the art of sheet-metal working, into a pipe or conductor, A, of theform in transverse section shown in the drawings, uuiting the twolongitudinal edges of the sheet by a seam, either adjacent to one of thecorners of the pipe, as at b, or midway between two corners, as at b.Where thepipe is composed of comparatively heavy sheet metal-large pipesformed of which may, by reason of the strength imparted by the inclined.bracing sides which I employ, be rendered reliable for use-I prefer thatthe seam shall be a lapwelded one, as shown, and contemplate performingthe welding operation coincidently with the bending` of the sheet intothe form for the finished pipe. A folded seam of any desiredconstruction, made tight by soldering, may be used in pipes of lightermetal.

In transverse section my improved pipe presents a figure (the nearestcirculnscribin g regular iigure to which is a quadrilateral) havingeight inwardly-inclined sides arranged in pairs Isymmetrically about acommon center, each of the flat sides a being at one end tangential toand a prolongation of a curve, a', at one of the four corners of thepipe, and at the other endnniting with an adjacent iiat side similarlyrelated to another curved corner, e', each pair of fiat sides a aforming a longitudinal Langular or V recess extending from end to end ofthe pipe A, between two of its corners. The section of my pipe might beequivalently described in somewhat briefer terms as being aquadrilateral having a short curve at each corner and having each of itssides inwardly bent into the form of a iiattened or obtuse V. Theperiphery of the pipe is thus composed of a` series of continuousinclined members, which perform the function of braces to stiffen andgive strength to the structure, and also impart to it the capability ofexpanding outwardly when subjected to internal pressure, as bythefreezing of water within it, such capacity of expansion obviating theliability to bursting under such strain which exists in the ordinarypipe. Further, the presence of an angular recess between two cornersenables devices for affixing the pipe to the wall of a building to beconveniently attached, and

affords a broad and lirm bearing for the pipe A upon the wall.

Finally, the construction described, While satisfactorily conforming tothe mechanical functions it is desired to perform, is renderedadditionally desirable for adoption by architects, from the fact that inpresenting almost entirely rectilineal boundaries it accords moreappropriately with the general architectural design of buildings than dothe ordinary round pipes or the corrugated pipes which have beenheretofore employed.`

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent- As a newarticle of manufacture, a sheetmetal water-pipe having in transversesection the form of a quadrilateral with curved corners and sidesinwardly bent into the form of an obtuse V, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

JAS. E. LEADLEY.

Witnesses:

J. SNowDEN BELL, WALTER S. GrBsoN.

